![]() In the 1930s, we find, as well, the first manifestations of populism in the president of Brazil, Getulio Vargas. ![]() De la Torre and Srisa-nga call this stage “classic populism”, and it is represented by, e.g., Domingo Perón (Argentina), José María Velasco Ibarra (Ecuador), and Lázaro Cárdenas (Mexico). In this period, the ideas of the “pure people” and the “corrupt elite” were constituted. These measures led to demands for political and social rights, with socialism and communism acquiring great strength. The characteristic of this wave was an increase in rural migration to urban areas with the implementation of economic reforms to foster industrialization. The first wave began with the Great Depression in 1929 and extended to 1960. In Latin America, there have been three populist waves.
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